The General Motors Electro-Motive Division (EMD) GP40 diesel locomotive, in its "normal" configuration, was primarily used in freight service. The basic GP40 platform, however, also proved attractive to building derivatives for passenger service, which required extra components for providing steam or HEP for heating, lighting and electricity in passenger cars.
GP40P-2
The Southern Pacific had ordered three units on a variant called GP40P-2. The SP placed the units in San Francisco commuter service. When the SP got out of the commuter business the units found themselves working in freight service; they continue to do so today; two for the Union Pacific and one for the Indiana Harbor Belt. The UP has repainted one of the units into UP Armour Yellow, while the other is "patched" and sports an all SP grey paint job, albeit extremely faded.
GP40TC
The GP40TC was built for GO Transit in Toronto, Ontario (The 'TC' stood for 'Toronto Commuter'). After serving GO for many years (being replaced by various units including GP40-2W's and more recently, F59PH's) the units were sold to Amtrak. For Amtrak service the 575 volt HEP engine / generator set was replaced with one for 480 volt HEP. The units were based out of Chicago and used on short-haul trains. Currently the units are used for MOW service and have been rebuilt into "GP38-H3" units for Amtrak by Norfolk Southern.
GP40P
The GP40P is based on the design of the EMD GP40 locomotive. Most of these variants gave the unit flared side radiators similar to the EMD SD45. Thirteen GP40Ps numbered 3671-3683 were built in October 1968 for the Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ) and paid for by the New Jersey Department of Transportation. The CNJ put the units in service on the Raritan Valley Line and the North Jersey Coast Line (New York & Long Branch).
The CNJ was folded into Conrail in 1976, and in 1983, New Jersey Transit began operating passenger rail service in the state. Shortly after, the steam generator, which had occupied the flat end of the locomotive's long hood, was replaced with a diesel HEP generator, and the units were reclassified as GP40PH. They would later be rebuilt as GP40PH-2 units in 1991-92.
GP40PH-2, GP40PH-2A, GP40PH-2B
In 1991-92, NJ Transit sent its ex-CNJ GP40PH units out for rebuilding. The units were rebuilt as GP40PH-2 locomotives and, with the exception of 4101, renumbered out of order. At this time, the units were restricted on the Newark Division and primarily kept to the Hoboken Division. By 1999, the units were often used on the Pascack Valley Line service, as they were the only units equipped with the Speed Enforcement System equipment needed on the line. They are now found mainly on the Hoboken Division.
New Jersey Transit would later order two more sets of GP40PH-2 units; these units were rebuilt from former freight GP40 units, not from GP40P units as the first order has been. The first order (GP40PH-2A) in 1993 consisted of six units, numbered 4145-4150, and were rebuilt by Morrison-Knudsen. These units, with the exception of 4148, which was rebuilt as a GP40PH-2B and renumbered after a collision, are classified as GP40PH-2A, though the units lack the "A" designation on their stenciling. The second order in 1993-94 was rebuilt by Conrail, and was for 19 former Penn Central units, numbered 4200-4218. These units are classified as GP40PH-2B. A twentieth unit, the GP40PH-2A numbered 4148 wrecked in 1996, was also rebuilt into this class and renumbered 4219 in 1997.
Metro-North ordered a single GP40PH-2 unit; numbered 4190, it is officially classified as a GP40PH-2M. 4190 was rebuilt by Conrail in 1992.
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